VIM配置文件vimrc

.vimrc (VIM配置文件)

"All system-wide defaults are set in $VIMRUNTIME/debian.vim (usually just
" /usr/share/vim/vimcurrent/debian.vim) and sourced by the call to :runtime
" you can find below.  If you wish to change any of those settings, you should
" do it in this file (/etc/vim/vimrc), since debian.vim will be overwritten
" everytime an upgrade of the vim packages is performed.  It is recommended to
" make changes after sourcing debian.vim since it alters the value of the
" 'compatible' option.
" This line should not be removed as it ensures that various options are
" properly set to work with the Vim-related packages available in Debian.
runtime! debian.vim
" Uncomment the next line to make Vim more Vi-compatible
" NOTE: debian.vim sets 'nocompatible'.  Setting 'compatible' changes numerous
" options, so any other options should be set AFTER setting 'compatible'.
"set compatible
" Vim5 and later versions support syntax highlighting. Uncommenting the next
" line enables syntax highlighting by default.
syntax on
" If using a dark background within the editing area and syntax highlighting
" turn on this option as well
set background=dark
" Uncomment the following to have Vim jump to the last position when
" reopening a file
if has("autocmd")
  au BufReadPost * if line("'/"") > 1 && line("'/"") <= line("$") | exe "normal! g'/"" | endif
endif
" Uncomment the following to have Vim load indentation rules and plugins
" according to the detected filetype.
if has("autocmd")
  filetype plugin indent on
endif
" The following are commented out as they cause vim to behave a lot
" differently from regular Vi. They are highly recommended though.
"set showcmd		" Show (partial) command in status line.
"set showmatch		" Show matching brackets.
"set ignorecase		" Do case insensitive matching
"set smartcase		" Do smart case matching
set incsearch		" Incremental search
"set autowrite		" Automatically save before commands like :next and :make
"set hidden             " Hide buffers when they are abandoned
"set mouse=a		" Enable mouse usage (all modes)
" Source a global configuration file if available
if filereadable("/etc/vim/vimrc.local")
  source /etc/vim/vimrc.local
endif
" The following settings are added by ben
set number " show line number,set nu for short
set nowrapscan " searching stops when reaching the end of file
set foldmethod=syntax " fold multi lines by syntax, set fdm for short
set foldlevel=9999 "  unfolding automatically
set shiftwidth=4 " 4 spaces for indent
set softtabstop=4 " backspace 4 spaces once
set expandtab " insert spaces instead of tab
set encoding=utf-8
set fileencodings=utf-8,gbk " :help fileencodings
set termencoding=cp936
" allow using /":make/" to complie program,/":cw/" can be used to open the quick-fix window after make
set makeprg=gcc/ -o/ %</ %/ -Wall
source $VIMRUNTIME/ftplugin/man.vim " allow using /":Man/" to get help,equal to K
" /"filetype plugin indent on/" is needed when using smart-complete
" set hlsearch " high lighting search key
set noswapfile
" for cscope settings
if has("cscope") 
   set csprg=/usr/bin/cscope
   set csto=0
   set cst
   set nocsverb
   " add any database in current directory
   if filereadable("cscope.out")
      cs add cscope.out
   " else add database pointed to by environment
   elseif $CSCOPE_DB != ""
      cs add $CSCOPE_DB
   endif
   set csverb
endif
inoremap "" ""<left>
inoremap '' ''<left>
inoremap `` ``<left>
inoremap () ()<left>
inoremap [] []<left>
inoremap {} {}<left><cr><up><end><cr>
" Tag list (ctags)
let Tlist_Ctags_Cmd = '/usr/bin/ctags'
let Tlist_Show_One_File = 1
let Tlist_Exit_OnlyWindow = 1
let Tlist_Use_Right_Window = 1         
map <silent> <F8> :TlistToggle<CR>

===========================================================================

vimrc配置文件详解

"set encoding=chinese
"set langmenu=zh_CN.UTF-8"
if version >= 603
set helplang=cn
endif
set langmenu=zh_CN.UTF-8
"set imcmdline "这一句导致字体大小、颜色设置失效
"set guifont=Monospace/ 12
set guifont=DejaVu/ Sans/ Mono/ 12
source $VIMRUNTIME/delmenu.vim
source $VIMRUNTIME/menu.vim
"下一行为语法高亮，彩色的
syntax on

"添加自动缩进
set tabstop=4
set shiftwidth=4
set softtabstop=4
set ai "开启自动缩进
"set expandtab "自动把tab转化为空格
"retab "将已存在的tab都转化为空格
set list "显示tab和行尾空格
set lcs=tab:+-,trail:- "显示tab为+---和行尾空格(只在输入时才显示)
"折叠python代码
"set foldmethod=indent
"let Tlist_Auto_Open=1 "auto open taglist自动打开taglist
set autoindent "自动缩进？
"添加python字典，实现自动补全(字典目录为~/.vim/pydiction,里面有字典和一个脚本)，快捷键：ctrl+n(20080320 ~/.vim/tools/也可以)
if has("autocmd")
autocmd FileType python set complete+=k~/.vim/tools/pydiction
endif
"安F8智能补全
inoremap <F8> <C-x><C-o>

map <F5>:!/usr/bin/python2.5 %

set nobackup "不自动备份
set nu "开启行号
"搜索字高亮
set hlsearch
"取消 Vim 对 HTML 标记自动产生的缩进，但打开自动缩进选项
au FileType html setlocal autoindent indentexpr=

" multi-encoding setting
if has("multi_byte")
"set bomb
set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,cp936,big5,euc-jp,euc-kr,latin1
" CJK environment detection and corresponding setting
if v:lang =~ "^zh_CN"
" Use cp936 to support GBK, euc-cn == gb2312
set encoding=cp936
set termencoding=cp936
set fileencoding=cp936
elseif v:lang =~ "^zh_TW"
" cp950, big5 or euc-tw
" Are they equal to each other?
set encoding=big5
set termencoding=big5
set fileencoding=big5
elseif v:lang =~ "^ko"
" Copied from someone's dotfile, untested
set encoding=euc-kr
set termencoding=euc-kr
set fileencoding=euc-kr
elseif v:lang =~ "^ja_JP"
" Copied from someone's dotfile, untested
set encoding=euc-jp
set termencoding=euc-jp
set fileencoding=euc-jp
endif
" Detect UTF-8 locale, and replace CJK setting if needed
if v:lang =~ "utf8$" || v:lang =~ "UTF-8$"
set encoding=utf-8
set termencoding=utf-8
set fileencoding=utf-8
endif
else
echoerr "Sorry, this version of (g)vim was not compiled with multi_byte"
endif

*************************************
//////////////////////////////////////////
1.tabstop (ts-数值型): 设定文件中制表位占的空格个数,默认是8
:set ts=4 (表示一个插入一个<Tab>占4个空格位)

2.expandtab (et-布尔型): 插入<Tab>时使用相应数量的空格,而不用制表位,默认关闭
:set ts=10 et (此时插入一个tab时,真正插入的是10个空格)
注: 当'et'打开,要插入实际的制表位,需用CTRL-V<Tab>,win下加载了mswin.vim插件的用CTRL-Q<Tab>

3.softtabstop (sts-数值型): 当插入一个<Tab>时,若'ts'值大于'sts',则此时就插入'sts'值那么多空格；
而当'ts'值小于'sts',则此时就插入几个制表位(制表位的个数是'sts'整除'ts'之商)
和几个空格(空格的个数是'sts'整除'ts'之余数),默认是0,表示关闭
:set ts=8 sts=6 (此时插入一个<Tab>,就会插入6个空格;若连续插入两个<Tab>,则会插入一个制表位和4个空格)
在此设置下这样输入: 一个<Tab>,3个空格,一个<Tab>,大家想想实际会输入什么?
:set ts=3 sts=8 (此时插入一个<Tab>,就会插入2个制表位和2个空格)

4.retab (ret-ex下的命令,前面3个是选项): 把制表位和空格组成的连续序列替换成新的制表位或空格
格式是 :[range]ret[!] [ts值] (不是指定range,默认是全文；不指定'ts'值,就用原来的'ts'值)

(1) 当'et'为关闭状态时,retab会尽量把由"制表位和空格组成的连续空白序列"替换成尽可能多的制表位,如:
有一个连续"空白序列"是由: 3个空格,两个制表位,5个空格组成,这时设置如下命令
:ret 6 (原来的"空白序列"变为由: 3个制表位,2个空格组成的新的"空白序列")
(2) 当'et'为开启状态时,retab会把所有的制表位换成当前'ts
(3) :ret! 命令则会把纯粹由空格组成的"空白序列"强制替换为尽可能多的制表位加空格
注:retab命令对文本的处理,不会引起视觉上的变化

5.smarttab (sta-布尔型): 它确定行首插入<Tab>时的情况,它跟选项'shiftwidth'(sw)相关联,默认关闭.
:set sta (则若行首插入一个<Tab>,会根据'sw'的值来插入"空白序列",其余的地方还是插入一个制表位；
而这里的"空白序列"是由什么组成,是由'sw','ts'值的相对大小,以及是否开启了'et'决定的.
若'sw'小于'ts'的值,且'et'是关闭的,则行首插入一个<Tab>就直接插入'sw'值所代表的空格数；
若'sw'大于'ts'的值,且'et'是关闭的,则行首插入一个<Tab>就插入尽可能多的制表位加空格；
若'et'是开启的,若行首插入一个<Tab>就直接插入'sw'值所代表的空格数

注:选项'sw'只用于normal下的左右移动命令: > , >> , < , <<

************************ 说 明 *********************************
*
* (a) 文中的<Tab>表示动作:敲击键盘上的Tab制表键(位于Q键左边),
* 而文中的"制表位"表示前面那个动作后的输入；
* (b) 为了便于制表位和空格的区分,也就是让它们成为"可见"模式:
* :set list
* :set lcs=eol:&,tab<+
set list "显示tab和行尾空格
set lcs=tab:>-,trail:- "显示tab为---和行尾空格(只在输入时才显示)
* 这样每行结尾有字符"&",制表位若是4,则为:<+++ ,
* 而若制表位是8,则为:<+++++++
* (c) <Backspace>在插入模式下可以删除整个'sts'和'sta'下的'sw'
* 但象normal下"x"这样的命令就只能删除真正的制表位和空格
==========================================================================
20090123
" 自动补全命令时候使用菜单式匹配列表
set wildmenu
" 允许退格键删除
set backspace=2
" 启用鼠标
set mouse=a
" 文件类型
filetype on
filetype plugin on
filetype indent on
" 设置编码自动识别, 中文引号显示
"set fileencodings=utf-8,cp936,big5,euc-jp,euc-kr,latin1,ucs-bom
set fileencodings=utf-8,gbk,ucs-bom
set ambiwidth=double

" 移动长行
nnoremap <Down> gj
nnoremap <Up> gk

" 让编辑模式可以中文输入法下按：转到命令模式
nnoremap ： :

" 高亮
syntax on
" 设置高亮搜索
set hlsearch
" 输入字符串就显示匹配点
set incsearch
" 输入的命令显示出来，看的清楚些。
set showcmd

" 打开当前目录文件列表
map <F3> :e .<CR>

" Taglist
let Tlist_File_Fold_Auto_Close=1
set updatetime=1000
map <F4> :Tlist<CR>

" 按 F8 智能补全
inoremap <F8> <C-x><C-o>

" vim 自动补全 Python 代码
" 来自http://vim.sourceforge.net/scripts/script.php?script_id=850
autocmd FileType python set complete+=k~/.vim/tools/pydiction
autocmd FileType python set shiftwidth=4 tabstop=4 "expandtab "把tab转化为空格
set list
set lcs=tab:+-,trail:-
" 自动使用新文件模板
autocmd BufNewFile *.py 0r ~/.vim/template/simple.py

autocmd FileType html set shiftwidth=4 tabstop=4 expandtab
autocmd BufNewFile *.html 0r ~/.vim/template/simple.html

"要在命令行上实现 Emacs 风格的编辑操作： >
" 至行首
:cnoremap <C-A> <Home>
" 后退一个字符
:cnoremap <C-B> <Left>
" 删除光标所在的字符
:cnoremap <C-D> <Del>
" 至行尾
:cnoremap <C-E> <End>
" 前进一个字符
:cnoremap <C-F> <Right>
" 取回较新的命令行
:cnoremap <C-N> <Down>
" 取回以前 (较旧的) 命令行
:cnoremap <C-P> <Up>
" 后退一个单词
:cnoremap <Esc><C-B> <S-Left>
" 前进一个单词
:cnoremap <Esc><C-F> <S-Right>

"Format the statusline
"Nice statusbar
set laststatus=2
set statusline=
set statusline+=%2*%-3.3n%0*/ " buffer number
set statusline+=%f/ " file name
set statusline+=%h%1*%m%r%w%0* " flag
set statusline+=[
if v:version >= 600
set statusline+=%{strlen(&ft)?&ft:'none'}, " filetype
set statusline+=%{&encoding}, " encoding
endif
set statusline+=%{&fileformat}] " file format
if filereadable(expand("$VIM/vimfiles/plugin/vimbuddy.vim"))
set statusline+=/ %{VimBuddy()} " vim buddy
endif
set statusline+=%= " right align
"set statusline+=%2*0x%-8B/ " current char
set statusline+=0x%-8B/ " current char
set statusline+=%-14.(%l,%c%V%)/ %<%P " offset

参考拓展：

vim配置文件vimrc

Vim的分屏功能

vim encoding and font

vim技巧快捷键学习

vim实用功能总结

VIM编辑代码时的一些技巧