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个人研究《数据结构与算法分析-C++描述》Vector实现的问题,new与初始化

 
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个人研究《数据结构与算法分析-C++描述》Vector实现的问题,new与初始化

write by 九天雁翎(JTianLing) -- blog.csdn.net/vagrxie

<<Data Structures and Algorithm Analysis in C++>>

--《数据结构与算法分析c++描述》 Mark Allen Weiss 人民邮电大学出版 中文版第61面, 图3-7,3-8,实现的一个列表Vector类。

原实现大概如下:(我可能修改了一些变量的命名以符合我的习惯)


template<typename T>

class Vector

{

public:

explicit Vector(unsigned auInitSize = 0)

: muSize(auInitSize),muCapacity(auInitSize + SPARE_CAPACITY)

{

mpObjects = new T[muCapacity];

}

Vector(const Vector &aoObject):mpObjects(0)

{

*this = aoObject;

}

~Vector()

{

delete[] mpObjects;

}

const Vector& operator= (const Vector &aoObject)

{

if(this == &aoObject)

{

return *this;

}

delete[] mpObjects;

muSize = aoObject.size();

muCapacity = aoObject.capacity();

mpObjects = new T[ capacity() ];

for(unsigned i=0; i!=muSize; ++i)

{

mpObjects[i] = aoObject[i];

}

return *this;

}

void resize(unsigned auNewSize)

{

if ( auNewSize > muCapacity )

{

reserve(auNewSize * 2 + 1);

}

}

void reserve(unsigned auNewCapacity)

{

if(auNewCapacity < muSize)

{

return;

}

T *lpOldArray = mpObjects;

mpObjects = new T[auNewCapacity];

for(unsigned i=0; i!=muSize; ++i)

{

mpObjects[i] = lpOldArray[i];

}

muCapacity = auNewCapacity;

delete[] lpOldArray;

}

T& operator[](unsigned auIndex)

{

return mpObjects[auIndex];

}

const T& operator[](unsigned auIndex) const

{

return mpObjects[auIndex];

}

bool empty() const

{

return (muSize == 0);

}

unsigned size() const

{

return muSize;

}

unsigned capacity() const

{

return muCapacity;

}

void push_back(const T& aoObject)

{

if(muSize == muCapacity)

{

reserve(2 * muCapacity + 1);

}

mpObjects[muSize++] = aoObject;

}

void pop_back()

{

muSize--;

}

const T& back() const

{

return mpObjects[muSize-1];

}

typedef T* iterator;

typedef const T* const_iterator;

iterator begin()

{

return mpObjects;

}

const_iterator begin() const

{

return mpObjects;

}

iterator end()

{

return mpObjects + muSize;

}

const_iterator end() const

{

return mpObjects + muSize;

}

enum { SPARE_CAPACITY = 16 };

private:

unsigned muSize;

unsigned muCapacity;

T *mpObjects;

};

首先的第一个感觉就是new了以后没有初始化,而且放任其未初始化的值的使用。(说的这么复杂,就是说使用了没有初始化的值贝)

但是实际我在Linux下测试的时候发现,g++是会自动将所有new出来的内存初始化的,事实就是如此,这和我在windows下的常识有冲突,所以特意做了一个测试程序来实验。

int main( void )

{

int *lpi = new int[100];

for(int i=0; i<100; ++i)

{

printf("%d",lpi[i]);

}

return 0;

}

linux下总是会输出全0,哪怕我怀疑碰巧这段内存没有被使用过,将100变成1000也是全0.只能承认,new以后是自动初始化的了。

我甚至怀疑我的常识是否是错误的(虽然我以前为了保证初始化,认为每次new完以后,哪怕马上要全部的使用这些内存都会先用memset置空一下是个好的习惯)

事实上,在VS2005的测试中,结果我的常识一样,在debug版本下,windows会自动置为0xcdcdcdcd等值,release时为随机值。

我只能说,以前我一直没有注意到g++编译下自动初始化的事实。

然后我特意看了一下VSlibstdc++vector实现,在resize(size)的时候都是T()作为第二参数调用重载的另一个函数resize(size,val)来实现的,也就是说,C++标准库的这两个实现还是确保reseize初始化了。

ok,也许Mark Allen WeissVectorLinux下可以不出错。。。但是我还是认为这个程序写的有问题,加上初始化吧。。。。。。

自己Mark一下,原来g++编译的new带初始化的?希望有高人能够给我解答,假如不是g++编译的new带初始化那么是什么情况导致了这样的情况,还有,g++有关掉初始化的选项吗?

write by 九天雁翎(JTianLing) -- blog.csdn.net/vagrxie

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